Health Economics has published a virtual special issue featuring eight peer-reviewed papers that examine long-term care (LTC) policies and their impact on aging populations. This collection, developed in partnership with the Gateway to Global Aging Data (g2aging.org) project, features research from their 2023 conference on LTC policies and the scientific community’s role in shaping future LTC policymaking. The papers provide a range of empirical evaluations of existing LTC systems across multiple countries, offering evidence that can inform policy development as nations address aging demographics. The scientific committee of the conference has also prepared an introduction to this special issue (https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.70023), summarizing each article and briefly outlining the research question, conceptual framework, methodological approach and challenges, key findings, and implications for policy and future research. This collection offers researchers and policymakers comparative analysis of LTC approaches across diverse institutional, international contexts.