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Madhava Ram Balakrishnan

Revive Foundation India


Madhava Ram Balakrishnan

Dr Madhava Ram Balakrishnan is a medical epidemiologist and global health specialist currently serving at the World Health Organization, where he works on pharmacovigilance and vaccine safety. With over two decades of experience, he has supported national immunization programmes and regulatory authorities in designing and strengthening surveillance systems, with a focus on adverse events following immunization and maternal immunization safety.

He has led the development of global guidance, tools and training for vaccine safety, including innovative digital platforms for case investigation, causality assessment and data integration. His work emphasizes harmonized systems, evidence-based decision-making and capacity-building across countries.

In parallel, Dr Balakrishnan has advanced community-based initiatives on healthy ageing through the Revive Foundation, a not-for-profit trust established in 2008. The Foundation focuses on promoting dignity, intergenerational engagement and sustainable models of elder care. Early initiatives included the “Aaniver” programme, which fostered connections between older adults, students and communities through participatory activities and health promotion.

He has also co-led a large-scale cross-sectional survey of older persons in Coimbatore (n = 2,232), applying multistage stratified sampling to assess demographic, health, social and economic determinants of well-being. The study identified key challenges including financial dependency, limited health insurance coverage and social isolation, informing policy-relevant recommendations for age-friendly urban planning and community-based care .

Dr Balakrishnan has contributed to positioning Kochi as an age-friendly city within the WHO Global Network for Age-friendly Cities and Communities, facilitating collaboration between municipal authorities, technical experts and global stakeholders. His current work integrates ageing, climate resilience and community systems, with a strong emphasis on practical, scalable solutions.

His professional interests lie at the intersection of surveillance systems, healthy ageing, and community-centred innovation, with a commitment to translating global evidence into locally relevant action.

 

FURTHER INFORMATION

Countries India; International;
Topics Access to care; Age-friendliness; Ageing in place; Artificial Intelligence; Attitudes and Expectations about Long-Term Care; Care innovations; Digital Technology; Economics of LTC; Home/domiciliary care; Living alone; Loneliness among older people;
Methods Artificial Intelligence; Case studies; Causal inference in Long-Term Care; Data science and LTC research; Focus groups; Guidelines development;
Role Research;
Interest Groups Ageing and Place; Climate Change and LTC; Economics of Long-Term Care; Innovation in Long-Term Care; Qualitative Research; Technology and Long-Term Care;
LinkedInhttp://www.linkedin.com/in/drmadhavaram
Research interests

1. Vaccine safety and pharmacovigilance systems

  • Design, implementation and evaluation of surveillance systems for adverse events following immunization (AEFI) and maternal immunization (AEFMI)
  • Causality assessment methodologies, including standardization and digital decision-support tools
  • Strengthening integration between immunization programmes and regulatory systems

2. Digital health and data systems for surveillance

  • Development and evaluation of electronic reporting platforms and decision-support tools
  • Use of real-time data systems, interoperability and analytics to improve signal detection and programme performance
  • Application of data integration approaches linking case-based and aggregate data

3. Maternal and neonatal safety in immunization

  • Surveillance and assessment of adverse events following maternal immunization
  • Development of frameworks integrating obstetric, neonatal and vaccine safety perspectives
  • Use of standardized definitions and global harmonization approaches

4. Ageing, community health and long-term care models

  • Epidemiology of ageing populations, including social, economic and health determinants
  • Development and evaluation of community-based and family-centred care models for older persons
  • Intergenerational and community engagement approaches to healthy ageing

5. Age-friendly environments and urban health

  • Design and implementation of age-friendly city frameworks aligned with WHO guidance
  • Integration of ageing into urban planning, social systems and climate resilience strategies
  • Policy translation of research findings into municipal and national programmes

6. Health systems strengthening and policy translation

  • Bridging evidence, surveillance data and decision-making for public health programmes
  • Capacity-building, training and guideline development for national and subnational systems
  • Implementation research to improve programme effectiveness in diverse settings
Key publications

Assessment of causality of individual adverse events following immunization (AEFI): A WHO tool for global use. Vaccine, Volume 31,
Issue 44, 17 October 2013, Pages 5041–5046. Alberto E. Tozzi, Edwin J. Asturias, Madhava Ram Balakrishnan, Neal A. Halsey,
Barbara Law, Patrick L.F. Zuber.
2. Effective vaccine safety systems in all countries: A challenge for more equitable access to immunization. Vaccine, Volume 31,
Supplement 2, 18 Apr 2013, Pages B108–B114
3. South-East Asia Regional Update on Measles Mortality Reduction and Elimination, 2003–2008 J Infect Dis.(2011) 204 (suppl 1): S396-
S402. Patrick M. O’Connor, Jayantha B. L. Liyanage, Ondrej Mach, Abhijeet Anand, Nalini Ramamurty, Madhava Ram Balakrishnan and
Simarjit Singh
4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. “Surveillance of Acute Flaccid paralysis in India” The Lancet , Volume 370 , Issue 9582 , 14 July 2007-20 July 2007, Page 130 S . Bahl ,
M . Ram , S . Durrani , J . Wenger
Detecting Polio through Surveillance of Acute Flaccid Paralysis” Special Article published in the Journal of the Indian Medical Association
(JIMA) Dec 2005
World Health Organization Approaches to Evaluating the Potential Use and Quality of Hepatitis E Vaccine; Hande Harmanci, Philippe
Duclos,Carmen A. Rodriguez Hernandez, Andrew Meek, Madhava Ram Balakrishnan, Narendra Kumar Arora, and Stefan Z. Wiktor Open
Forum Infect Dis. 2014 Dec; 1(3): ofu099.
An approach to death as an adverse event following immunization Vaccine Volume 34, Issue 2, 4January 2016, pages 212-217 Michael
S.Gold Madhava Ram Balakrishnan Ananda Amarasinghe Noni E.MacDonald
Anxiety-related adverse events following immunization (AEFI): A systematic review of published clusters of illness Vaccine Volume 36,
Issue 2, 4 January 2018, Pages 299-305; Anagha Loharikar, Tiffany A.Suragh, Noni E.MacDonald, Madhava R.Balakrishnan, OlegBenes,
Smaragda Lamprianou, Terri B.Hyde, Michael M.McNeil
Cluster anxiety-related adverse events following immunization (AEFI): An assessment of reports detected in social media and those
identified using an online search engine. Vaccine – Volume 36, Issue 40, 25 September 2018, Pages 5949-5954. Tiffany A. Suragh
Smaragda Lamprianou Noni.MacDonald Anagha R.Loharikar Madhava R. Balakrishnan Oleg Benes Terri B.Hyde Michael M.McNeil
Page 6/6
Vaccine safety in the next decade: why we need new modes of trust building Larson, Heidi & Sahinovic, Isabelle & Balakrishnan, Madhava
Ram & Simas, Clarissa. (2021). BMJ Global Health. 6. e003908. 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003908.
Use of a new global indicator for vaccine safety surveillance and trends in adverse events following immunization reporting 2000–2015.
Lei, Jiayao & Balakrishnan, Madhava Ram & Gidudu, Jane & Zuber, Patrick. (2018). Vaccine. 36. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.012.
Immunization stress-related response – Redefining immunization anxiety-related reaction as an adverse event following immunization.
Gold, Michael & Macdonald, Noni & Mcmurtry, C Meghan & Balakrishnan, Madhava Ram & Heininger, Ulrich & Menning, Lisa & Benes,
Oleg & Pless, Robert & Zuber, Patrick. (2020). Vaccine. 38. 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.02.046.
Smartphone-based mobile applications for adverse drug reactions reporting: global status and country experience. Fukushima, Ayako & Iessa, Noha & Balakrishnan, Madhava Ram & Pal, Shanthi. (2022). BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making. 22. 10.1186/s12911-
022-01832-7.